The European Union recently filed a second consultation request with the WTO regarding the Chinese jurisdiction adjudication mechanism for standard essential patents , accusing it of possibly violating rules such as the TRIPS Agreement and infringing upon the rights and interests of European technology enterprises. This dispute reflects the escalation of the core rule game in the global innovation chain.

The United States Copyright Office (USCO) released Part I: Digital Reproductions of its Copyright and Artificial Intelligence report series on July 31, 2024, addressing legal and policy issues at the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and copyright. On January 29, 2025, the USCO published Part II, focusing on copyrightability concerns arising from outputs generated by generative artificial intelligence (AI). In May 2025, it issued a pre-release version of Part III, analyzing whether training AI models with copyrighted content constitutes fair use, comprehensively addressing legal disputes within the AI industry. Collectively, these reports provide authoritative references for the development of copyright rules in the AI era.

Founded in 1985, Qualcomm is a global leader in research and development of 3G, 4G and 5G technologies and the world's largest supplier of mobile chips. Since qualcomm was founded, the disputes over intellectual property rights never stop. The most famous one is the patent global dispute between qualcomm and apple.

Apple is a high-tech company headquartered in California, which is famous for innovation in the world. With its competitive advantages in intellectual property rights, apple constantly updates its products, which attracts a large number of apple fans. Apple has had numerous disputes over intellectual property, and its patent battle with Qualcomm is the most famous.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. is a Chinese multinational technology company headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong. It designs, develops, and sells telecommunications equipment and consumer electronics (mainly smartphones). Huawei's technology in telecommunications tops the world and many of the patents it owns represents the most advanced techonology in the world and also face many disputes globally.